Effect of electroacupuncture at different time points on the recovery of gastrointestinal function after surgery for gastrointestinal malignant neoplasms / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at different time points during the perioperative period on the recovery of gastrointestinal function after gastrointestinal malignant neoplasms surgery. Methods: Sixty-three patients who needed radical surgery for gastrointestinal tumors were randomized into a control group, treatment group 1 (postoperative EA group), and treatment group 2 (intraoperative and postoperative EA group). The control group received surgery and conventional Western medicine treatment, and treatment groups 1 and 2 received additional EA treatment at different time points. The initial flatus time after the surgery, visual analog scale (VAS) score at different time points after the surgery, the proportion of using patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) after the surgery, and the times of adding analgesics were observed in the three groups. Results: The initial flatus time after the surgery was earlier in treatment groups 1 and 2 than in the control group (P<0.05); the difference between treatment groups 1 and 2 was statistically insignificant (P>0.05). The VAS score was lower in treatment group 2 than in the control group at 6, 12, 24, and 72 h after the surgery (P<0.05); the VAS score was lower in treatment group 1 than in the control group only at 72 h after the surgery (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the rate of using PCA among the three groups (P>0.05). Regarding the times of adding analgesics, it was less in treatment group 2 than in the control group at 12 h after the surgery (P<0.05). Conclusion: Either EA during and after the surgery or only after the surgery can hasten the initial flatus and boost the recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients after radical resection of gastrointestinal neoplasms. Successive EA during and after the surgery should be superior to postoperative EA regarding the analgesic effect after the surgery.

Effects of electroacupuncture plus drug anesthesia on pain and stress response in patients after radical surgery for stomach cancer / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture plus drug anesthesia on pain and stress response in patients after radical surgery for stomach cancer.Methods: A total of 60 patients were randomized into a control group and an observation group by the random number table, with 30 cases in each group. The control group was given conventional drug anesthesia. The observation group was given additional electroacupuncture intervention. Before anesthesia and 2 h, 12 h and 24 h after surgery, the visual analog scale (VAS) was scored, the heart rate, the mean arterial pressure, and the levels of serum β-endorphin (β-EP) and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) were measured. Results: Two hours, 12 h and 24 h after surgery, the VAS scores of both groups were higher than those before anesthesia (all P<0.05), and the VAS scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group at the same time points (all P<0.05). Two hours, 12 h and 24 h after surgery, the heart rates and mean arterial pressures in the control group were significantly higher than those before anesthesia (all P<0.05), while there were no significant intra-group differences in the observation group (all P>0.05), and the indicators were lower than those in the control group at the same time points (all P<0.05). Two hours, 12 h and 24 h after surgery, the serum β-EP levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those before anesthesia (all P<0.05), and significantly higher than those in the control group at the same time points (all P<0.05). Two hours, 12 h and 24 h after surgery, the serum ACTH levels in the control group were significantly higher than those before anesthesia (all P<0.05), and were significantly higher than those in the observation group at the same time points (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Electroacupuncture plus drug anesthesia can significantly relieve pain and stress response in patients after radical surgery for stomach cancer.

Influence of Dexmedetomidine Applied in Combined Acupuncture-medication Anesthesia on Vomiting After Thyroidectomy / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the influence of dexmedetomidine applied in combined acupuncture-medication anesthesia on vomiting after thyroidectomy. Method Seventy patients who were going to receive thyroidectomy were randomized into group A and B, with 35 cases in each group. Combined acupuncture-medication anesthesia [electroacupuncture at Hegu (LI4), Neiguan (PC6) and Futu (ST32) plus intravenous infusions of sufentanil citrate injection (0.3 mg/kg) 20 minutes before operation]was adopted in both groups. Group A was additionally intervened by constantvelocity micropump infusion of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection (0.5 mg/kg) within 10 minutes before operation and remaining 0.4 mg/kg/min during operation, while group B was intervened by infusion of normal saline 10 minutes before operation. The observer's assessment of awareness/sedation (OAA/S) scores at different time points[lying in bed for 5 minutes before operation (T0), before the beginning of the operation (T1), 30 minutes after operation (T2), 60 minutes after operation (T3) and at the end of operation (T4)] in the two groups were observed. The additional times and total dose of sufentanil during operation, the number of cases using esmolol and urapidil, and the number of vomiting cases occurred within 2 hours after operation and 2～24 hours after operation in the two groups were recorded.Result The additional times and total dose of sufentanil during operation in group A were significantly different from those in group B (P<0.01). The utilization rate of esmolol and urapidil were respectively 31.4％ and 14.3％ in group A versus 77.1％ and 65.7％ in group B, and the between-group differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). The incidence of vomiting within 2 hours after operation and 2～24 hours after operation were respectively 20.0％ and 17.1％in group A versus 54.3％ and 42.9％ in group B, and the between-group differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). The OAA/S scores at different time points (T1, T2, T3 and T4) in group A were significantly different from those in group B (P<0.01). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine applied in combined acupuncture-medication anesthesia can reduce the additional times and total dose of sufentanil during thyroidectomy, and it can reduce the incidence of postoperative vomiting as well.

Progress of traditional Chinese medicine acupoint anesthesia in anorectal surgery / 国际中医中药杂志

This paper summarized the application of acupoint anesthesia in the anorectal surgery based on the anal shu point, waist qi point, waist shu point anesthesia, in order to provide a reference for anesthesia in anorectal surgery.

Historical Review About 60 Years' Clinical Practice of Acupuncture Anesthesia / 针刺研究

Acupuncture anesthesia (AA) is an anesthetic method created by medical workers and researchers in China during medical practice in 1950s. As a paragon of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, AA clinical practice and basic theoretic research have gained continuous improvement and progress, and obtained a series of outstanding achievements in the past 60 years. Consequently, the theory of traditional Chinese medicine was enriched, and the acupuncture therapy was pushed forward to the world. The present paper reviews the course of formation and development of clinical application of AA from the late years of 1950s up to now, including the initial stage (1958-1966), rapid propulsion stage (1967-1979), consolidation period (1980-2004) and newly developing period (2005-now). The AA has experienced flexural pathway from simple acupuncture analgesia, to acupuncture-drug compound anesthesia (or acupuncture-assisted anesthesia), and to the application of whole perioperative period. Nowadays, it keeps unceasing development and innovation from simple analgesia and sedation to organ protection during perioperative period and reduction of post-operative complications. The AA possesses unique prosperous vitality, and also has a plenty room for improvement, being worthy of further popularization and research.

Effects of tooth extraction under acupuncture anesthesia / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the effects for tooth extraction between acupuncture anesthesia and drug local block anesthesia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty patients were randomly assigned into an acupuncture group and a drug group, 30 cases in each one. Acupuncture was applied at Hegu (LI 4), Neiting (ST 44) and the affected side Xiaguan (ST 7), and Jiache (ST 6), etc. Arrachement was used afterand the needles were retained for 10 min after tooth extraction in the acupuncture group. Compound articaine hydrochloride injection was used to conventional local anesthesia, after which tooth extraction was implemented in the drug group. The effects of anesthesia and analgesia were compared between the two groups with pain rating index (PRI) and visual analogue scale (VAS). Besides, the bleeding amounts and adverse reaction rates during the operation and the blood pressure, pulse, and respiration before and after operation were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Tooth extraction was completed, and the excellent rates, PRI and VAS scores were not significantly different in the two groups (all>0.05). The bleeding amounts and adverse reaction rates in the acupuncture group were lower than those in the drug group (<0.01,<0.05).The blood pressure, pulse and respiratory during surgery remained normal without significance between the two groups (all>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The effect of acupuncture anesthesia for tooth extraction is equal to that of drug anesthesia. Its analgesia is complete with stable vital signs and less adverse reactions. It is worthy of popularizing.</p>

Guiding Role of Muscle Region Theory in Acupuncture Anesthesia / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

As a part of acupuncture system, acupuncture anesthesia can promote the development of acupuncture theory.Muscle region is also a part of acupuncture system and plays a guiding role in clinical application of acupuncture anesthesia.The correlation between the distribution of muscle regions and nerves acts as the substantial foundation of the guiding role.At the same time, acupuncture anesthesia has been promoting the continuous development of muscle region theory.The cyclic development relation between the two (practice-theory-practice) is consistent with the dialectical development view.

Analgesia acupuntural: su repercusión en el distrés posquirúrgico / Acupuncture analgesia: its repercussion on postoperative distress / Analgésie acupuncturale: son retentissement dans le distress post-chirurgical

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y prospectivo de 40 pacientes con el diagnóstico de síndrome del túnel carpiano, atendidos en la consulta de Ortopedia del Hospital "Dr. Ernesto Guevara de la Serna" de las Tunas, durante el período comprendido entre julio de 1995 y mayo de 1996, operados con analgesia acupuntural. Se demostró la inocuidad y eficacia del método, con un distrés posoperatorio bajo y ausencia de dolor posquirúrgico en el 90 % de los pacientes. El nivel de ansiedad fue ligero, representativo del estado emocional del paciente. Se destaca el ahorro en el consumo de medicamentos en un período posoperatorio más confortable.

A descriptive and prospective study of 40 patients with the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome that attended the Department of Orthopedics of the "Dr. Ernesto Guevara de la Serna" Hospital, in Las Tunas, from July, 1995, to May, 1996, and were operated on with acupuncture analgesia, was carried out. The inocuity and efficacy of the method was proved with a low postoperative distress and the absence of postsurgical pain in 90 % of the patients. The anxiety level was mild and representative of the emotional state of the patient. There was a considerable saving of drugs as a result of a more comfortable postoperative period.

Une étude descriptif et prospectif de 40 patients avec un diagnostic de syndrôme du canal carpien, traités dans la consultation d´Orthopédie de l´hôpital "Dr. Ernesto Guevara de la Serna" de las Tunas, a été réalisée pendant la période comprise entre juillet 1995 et mai 1996, opérés sous analgésie acupuncturale. On a constaté l´inocuité et l´efficacité de la méthode, avec un faible distress post-opératoire et la manque de douleur post-chirurgicale en 90 % des patients. Le niveau d´anxiété a été léger, montrant l´état émotif du patient. On relève l´épargne dans la prise de médicament dans une période post-opératoire plus confortable.